But what does history actually tell us about these pivotal events? The First Crusade is generally agreed upon by historians to have originated in 1095, kick-started by an inflammatory speech made by Pope Urban II, in order to aid the Byzantine Empire in its conflict with the Seljuk Empire, a Turkic Sunni Muslim dynasty. In 1096, Crusaders, inspired by the pope’s speech, massacred Jewish residents of the Rhineland on their way to Jerusalem. In 1099, as Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders, almost all inhabitants of the city were executed — men, women, and children alike. These atrocities were not unique; the Crusades are definitive examples of the apocalyptic levels of violence it is possible to incite through the concept of “holy war,” as the pope did through his speech. Even after Jerusalem was captured in 1099 — ostensibly the main aim of the First Crusade — the conflict continued in the Middle East as the Crusaders sought to maintain their foothold in the “Holy Land.” air force sean wotherspoon When Kylie ditched her sisters at a magazine cover party to hang with her boyfriend at the time, Tyga, Khloé wasnot air force sean wotherspoon Activist and civil rights attorney Mónica Ramírez tellsTeen Vogue air force sean wotherspoon say you shouldn’t sign any documents ICE asks you to. According to theMiami Herald air force sean wotherspoon
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| Time: | 2025-11-20 19:07:30 |